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1995 in spaceflight

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1995 in spaceflight
Space Shuttle Atlantis launches on STS-71, the first Shuttle-Mir mission to dock with Mir
Orbital launches
First11 January
Last24 December
Total80
Successes72
Failures5
Partial failures3
Catalogued74
National firsts
Satellite Czech Republic (post Czechoslovakian)
 Ukraine (post Soviet)
Rockets
Maiden flightsAthena I
Conestoga
Delta II 7920
Long March 1D
Volna
Shavit 1
RetirementsAtlas E/F
Conestoga
Long March 2E
Mu-3SII
Soyuz-U2
Crewed flights
Orbital9
Total travellers48

This article outlines notable events occurring in 1995 in spaceflight, including major launches and EVAs.

First Shuttle-Mir mission

[edit]
Atlantis docked to Mir, photographed from the departing Soyuz-TM spacecraft Uragan
As the third mission of the US/Russian Shuttle-Mir Program, STS-71 became the first Space Shuttle to dock with the Russian space station Mir. STS-71 began on June 27, 1995, with the launch of Space Shuttle Atlantis from launchpad 39A at the Kennedy Space Center in Florida. The Shuttle delivered a relief crew of two cosmonauts Anatoly Solovyev and Nikolai Budarin to the station and recovered Increment astronaut Norman Thagard. Atlantis returned to Earth on July 7 with a crew of eight. It was the first of seven straight missions to Mir flown by Atlantis, and the second Shuttle mission to land with an eight-person crew after STS-61-A in 1985.

Orbital launches

[edit]
Date and time (UTC) Rocket Flight number Launch site LSP
Payload
(⚀ = CubeSat)
Operator Orbit Function Decay (UTC) Outcome
Remarks

January

[edit]
10 January
06:18
United StatesAtlas IIAS United StatesCape Canaveral LC-36B United StatesRussiaInternational Launch Services
United NationsIntelsat 704 Intelsat Geosynchronous Communications In orbit Operational
15 January
13:45
JapanMu-3SII JapanUchinoura JapanISAS
JapanExpress 1 ISAS Low Earth Material research 15 January Failure
Final flight of Mu-3SII
Second stage control malfunction, decayed from orbit shortly after launch over Ghana; Spacecraft intended to be recovered
24 January
03:54
RussiaKosmos-3M RussiaPlesetsk Site 132/1 Russia
RussiaTsikada MO RF Low Earth (Polar) Navigation In orbit Operational
SwedenAstrid SSC Low Earth (Polar) Auroral research 27 September Successful
United StatesFAISAT FAI Low Earth (Polar) Communications In orbit Operational
25 January
22:40
ChinaLong March 2E ChinaXichang LC-2 ChinaCASC
ChinaApstar 2 APT Intended: Geosynchronous Communications 25 January Launch Failure
Windshear caused the collapse of the payload fairing and a guidance error caused the launch vehicle to explode; 20-120 ground casualties
29 January
06:18
United StatesAtlas II United StatesCape Canaveral LC-36A United States
United StatesUSA-108 (UHF F/O F4) US Navy Geosynchronous Communications In orbit Operational

February

[edit]
3 February
05:22
United StatesSpace Shuttle Discovery United StatesKennedy LC-39B United StatesUnited Space Alliance
United StatesSTS-63 NASA Low Earth (Mir) Shuttle-Mir flight 11 February
11:51
Successful
United StatesSpaceHab LSM NASA/SpaceHab Low Earth (Discovery) Scientific research
United StatesSPARTAN 204 NRL Low Earth Ultraviolet astronomy
United StatesODERACS 2A NASA Low Earth Laser calibration 9 March 1996 Successful
United StatesODERACS 2B NASA Low Earth Laser calibration 28 August Successful
United StatesODERACS 2C NASA Low Earth Laser calibration 7 February 1996 Successful
United StatesODERACS 2D NASA Low Earth Laser calibration 2 March Successful
United StatesODERACS 2E NASA Low Earth Laser calibration 27 February Successful
United StatesODERACS 2F NASA Low Earth Laser calibration 20 February Successful
Crewed orbital flight with six astronauts; First Shuttle-Mir flight (rendezvous only, no docking)
ODERACS deployed on 4 February
15 February
16:48
RussiaSoyuz-U KazakhstanBaikonur Site 1/5 RussiaRoskosmos
RussiaProgress M-26 Roskosmos Low Earth (Mir) Logistics 15 March
06:15
Successful
16 February
17:39
RussiaSoyuz-U RussiaPlesetsk Site 43/4 RussiaRoskosmos
RussiaFoton 10 Roskosmos Low Earth Microgravity research 3 March Successful

March

[edit]
2 March
06:38
United StatesSpace Shuttle Endeavour United StatesKennedy LC-39A United StatesUnited Space Alliance
United StatesSTS-67 NASA Low Earth Astronomy 18 March
21:48
Successful
United StatesSpacelab Pallets and Igloo NASA Low Earth (Endeavour) ASTRO-2
United StatesEDO Pallet NASA Low Earth (Endeavour) Cryogenic mission extension pallet
Crewed orbital flight with seven astronauts
2 March
13:00
RussiaKosmos-3M RussiaPlesetsk Site 132/1 Russia
RussiaKosmos 2306 (Taifun-2 #27) MO RF Low Earth Laser calibration 30 October 2000 Successful
7 March
09:23
RussiaProton-K/DM-2 KazakhstanBaikonur Site 200/39 Russia
RussiaKosmos 2307 (GLONASS) MOM Medium Earth Navigation In orbit Successful
RussiaKosmos 2308 (GLONASS) MOM Medium Earth Navigation In orbit Successful
RussiaKosmos 2309 (GLONASS) MOM Medium Earth Navigation In orbit Successful
14 March
06:11
RussiaSoyuz-U2 KazakhstanBaikonur Site 1/5 RussiaRoskosmos
RussiaSoyuz TM-21 Roskosmos Low Earth (Mir) Mir EO-18 11 September
06:52
Successful
Crewed orbital flight with three cosmonauts including the first American to fly on a Russian rocket
18 March
08:01
JapanH-II JapanTanegashima LA-Y1 JapanNASDA[1]
JapanSpace Flyer Unit NASDA Low Earth Materials research 20 January 1996
07:42
Successful
JapanHimawari 5 NASDA Low Earth Weather satellite In orbit Operational
Space Flyer Unit retrieved by Space Shuttle Endeavour during STS-72 in January 1996
22 March
04:09
RussiaKosmos-3M RussiaPlesetsk Site 132/1 Russia
RussiaKosmos 2310 (Parus) MO RF Low Earth Navigation In orbit Operational
22 March
06:18
United StatesAtlas IIAS United StatesCape Canaveral LC-36B United StatesRussiaInternational Launch Services
United NationsIntelsat 705 Intelsat Geosynchronous Communications In orbit Operational
22 March
16:44
RussiaSoyuz-U RussiaPlesetsk Site 43/3 Russia
RussiaKosmos 2311 (Yantar) MOM Low Earth Reconnaissance 31 May Successful
24 March
14:05
United StatesAtlas E United StatesVandenberg SLC-3W United States
United StatesUSA-109 (DMSP 5D2 F13) US Air Force/NOAA Sun-synchronous Meteorology 3 February 2015 Successful
Final flight of Atlas E and 1.5 stage-to-orbit configuration of Atlas rocket
Satellite exploded on 3 February 2015, leaving at least 47 tracked pieces of debris.[2]
28 March
10:00
RussiaStart RussiaPlesetsk Site 158 RussiaRVSN
IsraelGurwin 1 Technion Intended: Low Earth Amateur radio 28 March Launch Failure
RussiaEKA-2 Intended: Low Earth Boilerplate for vehicle evaluation
MexicoOscar 29 UNAM/AMSAT Intended: Low Earth Amateur radio
Failed to orbit, crashed into the Sea of Okhotsk
28 March
23:14
European UnionAriane 4 (44LP) FranceKourou ELA-2 FranceArianespace
BrazilBrasilsat B2 Telebrás Geosynchronous Communications In orbit Successful
FranceHot Bird 1 Eutelsat Geosynchronous Communications In orbit Successful

April

[edit]
3 April
13:48
United StatesPegasus-H United StatesStargazer, Vandenberg United StatesOrbital Sciences
United StatesOrbcomm F1 Orbcomm Low Earth Communications In orbit Successful
United StatesOrbcomm F2 Orbcomm Low Earth Communications In orbit Successful
United StatesOrbview 1 Orbimage Low Earth Earth observation In orbit Successful
5 April
11:16
IsraelShavit-1 IsraelPalmachim IsraelIAI
IsraelOfeq-3 IAI Low Earth (retrograde) Reconnaissance 24 October 2000 Successful
7 April
21:47
United StatesAtlas IIAS United StatesCape Canaveral LC-36A United StatesRussiaInternational Launch Services
United StatesAMSC-1 AMSC Geosynchronous Communications In orbit Operational
9 April
19:34
RussiaSoyuz-U KazakhstanBaikonur Site 1/5 RussiaRoskosmos
RussiaProgress M-27 Roskosmos Low Earth (Mir) Logistics 23 May
03:27
Successful
GermanyGFZ Low Earth Laser calibration 23 June 1999 Successful
GFZ deployed from Mir on 19 April
21 April
01:44
European UnionAriane 4 (40) FranceKourou ELA-2 FranceArianespace
European UnionERS-2 ESA Sun-synchronous Remote sensing 21 February 2024
17:17[3]
Successful

May

[edit]
14 May
13:45
United StatesTitan IVA (401)/Centaur United StatesCape Canaveral LC-40 United StatesLockheed Martin
United StatesUSA-110 (Mentor-1) NRO Geosynchronous SIGINT In orbit Operational
17 May
06:34
European UnionAriane 4 (44LP) FranceKourou ELA-2 FranceArianespace
United NationsIntelsat 706 Intelsat Geosynchronous Communications In orbit Successful
20 May
03:33
RussiaProton-K KazakhstanBaikonur Site 81/23 RussiaRoskosmos
RussiaSpektr Roskosmos/NASA Low Earth (Mir) Mir module 23 March 2001
05:50
Successful
Heavily damaged in collision with Progress M-34 on 25 June 1997
23 May
05:52
United StatesAtlas I United StatesCape Canaveral LC-36B United StatesRussiaInternational Launch Services
United StatesGOES-9 (GOES-J) NOAA Current: Graveyard
Operational: Geosynchronous
Meteorology In orbit Successful
Retired on 14 June 2007
24 May
20:10
RussiaMolniya-M RussiaPlesetsk Site 16/2 Russia
RussiaKosmos 2312 (Oko) MOM Molniya Early warning In orbit Successful
31 May
15:27
United StatesAtlas II United StatesCape Canaveral LC-36A United States
United StatesUSA-111 (UHF F/O F5) US Navy Geosynchronous Communications In orbit Operational

June

[edit]
8 June
04:43
UkraineTsyklon-2 KazakhstanBaikonur Site 90/20 Russia
RussiaKosmos 2313 (EORSAT) MO RF Low Earth SIGINT 11 July 1997 Successful
10 June
00:24
European UnionAriane 4 (42P) FranceKourou ELA-2 FranceArianespace
United StatesDirecTV-2 DirecTV Geosynchronous Communications In orbit Operational
22 June
19:58
United StatesPegasus-XL United StatesStargazer, Vandenberg United StatesOrbital Sciences
United StatesSTEP 3 US Air Force Intended: Low Earth Technology development 22 June Launch Failure
Second stage malfunction, destroyed by range safety
27 June
19:32
United StatesSpace Shuttle Atlantis United StatesKennedy LC-39A United StatesUnited Space Alliance
United StatesSTS-71 NASA Low Earth (Mir) Shuttle-Mir flight 7 July
14:55
Successful
United StatesSpacelab Long Module 2 NASA Low Earth (Atlantis) Medical research
Crewed orbital flight launching with seven and landing with eight astronauts
First Shuttle-Mir docking, exchanged Mir EO-18 for EO-19 (first space station crew exchange using a Space Shuttle)
28 June
18:25
RussiaSoyuz-U RussiaPlesetsk Site 43/3 Russia
RussiaKosmos 2314 (Yantar-4K1) MOM Low Earth Reconnaissance 6 September Successful

July

[edit]
5 July
03:09
RussiaKosmos-3M RussiaPlesetsk Site 132/1 Russia
RussiaKosmos 2315 (Tsikada) MO RF Low Earth Navigation In orbit Operational
7 July
16:23
European UnionAriane 4 (40) FranceKourou ELA-2 FranceArianespace
FranceHelios 1A CNES Sun-synchronous Reconnaissance In orbit Operational
FranceCerise CNES Sun-synchronous Radiation research In orbit Operational
SpainLBSAT/UPM-Sat 1 UPM Sun-synchronous Communications In orbit Successful
10 July
12:38
United StatesTitan IVA (401)/Centaur United StatesCape Canaveral LC-41 United StatesLockheed Martin
United StatesUSA-112 (Trumpet-2) NRO Molniya ELINT In orbit Operational
13 July
13:41
United StatesSpace Shuttle Discovery United StatesKennedy LC-39A United StatesUnited Space Alliance
United StatesSTS-70 NASA Low Earth Satellite deployment 22 July
12:02
Successful
United StatesTDRS-7 (TDRS-G) NASA Geosynchronous Communications In orbit Operational
Crewed orbital flight with five astronauts
TDRS deployed on 13 July using an Inertial Upper Stage
20 July
03:04
RussiaSoyuz-U KazakhstanBaikonur Site 1/5 RussiaRoskosmos
RussiaProgress M-28 Roskosmos Low Earth (Mir) Logistics 4 September
08:58
Successful
24 July
15:52
RussiaProton-K/DM-2 KazakhstanBaikonur Site 200/39 Russia
RussiaKosmos 2316 (GLONASS) MOM Medium Earth Navigation In orbit Operational
RussiaKosmos 2317 (GLONASS) MOM Medium Earth Navigation In orbit Operational
RussiaKosmos 2318 (GLONASS) MOM Medium Earth Navigation In orbit Successful
31 July
23:30
United StatesAtlas IIA United StatesCape Canaveral LC-36A United States
United StatesUSA-113 (DSCS III B-7) US Air Force Geosynchronous Communications In orbit Successful[4]

August

[edit]
2 August
23:59
RussiaMolniya-M RussiaPlesetsk Site 43/3 RussiaVKS
RussiaInterbol 1 Roskosmos High Earth (elliptical) Magnetospheric research 16 October 2000 Successful
Czech RepublicMagion 4 High Earth (elliptical) Magnetospheric research 16 October 2000 Successful
Magion 4 was the first Czech (post Czechoslovakian) satellite
3 August
22:58
European UnionAriane 4 (42L) FranceKourou ELA-2 FranceArianespace
United StatesPAS-4 PanAmSat Geosynchronous Communications In orbit Operational
5 August
11:10
United StatesDelta II 7925 United StatesCape Canaveral LC-17B United StatesBoeing IDS
South KoreaKoreasat 1 Korea Telecom Geosynchronous Communications In orbit Partial Failure
SRM malfunction resulted in incorrect orbit which was corrected using the satellite's own engines at the expense of half of the expected lifespan of the satellite
9 August
23:59
RussiaMolniya-M RussiaPlesetsk Site 43/3 RussiaVKS
RussiaMolniya 3-47 MOM Molniya Communications In orbit Operational
15 August
22:30
United StatesAthena I United StatesVandenberg SLC-6 United StatesLockheed Martin
United StatesGemStar 1 (VitaSat) VITA Intended: Low Earth Communications +160 seconds Launch Failure
Maiden flight of Athena I and first launch from SLC-6
Destroyed by range safety after loss of control system
29 August
00:53
United StatesAtlas IIAS United StatesCape Canaveral LC-36B United StatesRussiaInternational Launch Services
JapanJCSAT-3 JSAT Geosynchronous Communications In orbit Operational
29 August
06:41
European UnionAriane 4 (44P) FranceKourou ELA-2 FranceArianespace
JapanN-STAR a NTT Geosynchronous Communications In orbit Operational
30 August
19:33
RussiaProton-K/DM-2 KazakhstanBaikonur Site 200/39 RussiaVKS
RussiaKosmos 2319 (Potok) MOM Geosynchronous Communications In orbit Operational
31 August
06:49
UkraineTsyklon-3 RussiaPlesetsk Site 32 RussiaVKS
UkraineSich-1 (Okean) NKAU Low Earth Remote sensing In orbit Operational
ChileFASat-Alfa (FASat-Alfa) FACH Low Earth Technology development In orbit Partial Failure
Sich 1 was the first Ukrainian satellite; FASat-Alfa intended to be the first Chilean satellite and failed to separate from Sich 1

September

[edit]
3 September
09:00
RussiaSoyuz-U2 KazakhstanBaikonur Site 1/5 RussiaRoskosmos
RussiaSoyuz TM-22 Roskosmos Low Earth (Mir) Mir EO-20 29 February 1996
10:42
Successful
Crewed orbital flight with three cosmonauts
Final flight of Soyuz-U2
7 September
15:09
United StatesSpace Shuttle Endeavour United StatesKennedy LC-39A United StatesUnited Space Alliance
United StatesSTS-69 NASA Low Earth Microgravity research 16 September
11:38
Successful
United StatesSPARTAN-201 NASA Low Earth Solar research
United StatesWake Shield Facility NASA Low Earth Materials research
European UnionIEH-1 ESA Low Earth (Endeavour) Ultraviolet astronomy
Crewed orbital flight with five astronauts
SPARTAN deployed on 8 September and retrieved on 10 September; WSF deployed on 7 September and retrieved on 14 September
24 September
00:06
European UnionAriane 4 (42L) FranceKourou ELA-2 FranceArianespace
United StatesTelstar 402R AT&T Geosynchronous Communications In orbit Successful
Power failure on 19 September 2003 resulted in loss of satellite
26 September
11:20
RussiaSoyuz-U RussiaPlesetsk Site 43/4 RussiaVKS
RussiaResurs F2 MOM Low Earth Resource location 26 October Successful
29 September
04:25
RussiaSoyuz-U KazakhstanBaikonur Site 31/6 RussiaVKS
RussiaKosmos 2320 (Yantar-4KS1) MOM Low Earth Reconnaissance 28 September 1996 Successful

October

[edit]
6 October
03:23
RussiaKosmos-3M RussiaPlesetsk Site 132/1 RussiaVKS
RussiaKosmos 2321 (Parus) MO RF Low Earth Navigation 21 August 1997 Partial Failure
Second stage malfunction, placed in useless orbit
8 October
18:50
RussiaSoyuz-U KazakhstanBaikonur Site 1/5 RussiaVKS
RussiaProgress M-29 Roskosmos Low Earth (Mir) Logistics 19 December
16:15
Successful
11 October
16:26
RussiaProton-K/DM-2 KazakhstanBaikonur Site 81/23 RussiaVKS
Russia Luch-1Luch MOM Geosynchronous Communications In orbit Successful
Retired on 1 June 1999
19 October
00:38
European UnionAriane 4 (42L) FranceKourou ELA-2 FranceArianespace
LuxembourgAstra 1E SES Astra Geosynchronous Communications In orbit Operational
20 October
13:53
United StatesSpace Shuttle Columbia United StatesKennedy LC-39B United StatesUnited Space Alliance
United StatesSTS-73 NASA Low Earth Microgravity research 5 November
11:46
Successful
United StatesSpacelab Long Module 1 NASA Low Earth (Columbia) Spacelab USML-2
United StatesEDO Pallet NASA Low Earth (Columbia) Cryogenic mission extension pallet
Crewed orbital flight with seven astronauts
22 October
08:00
United StatesAtlas II United StatesCape Canaveral LC-36A United States
United StatesUSA-114 (UHF F/O F6) US Navy Geosynchronous Communications In orbit Operational
23 October
22:03
United StatesConestoga 1620 United StatesWallops Island LP-0A United States
METEOR Intended: Low Earth Microgravity research + 46 seconds Launch Failure
Self-destruct activated after loss of control
31 October
20:19
UkraineZenit-2 KazakhstanBaikonur Site 45/1 RussiaVKS
RussiaKosmos 2322 (Tselina-2) MO RF Low Earth SIGINT In orbit Operational

November

[edit]
4 November
14:22
United StatesDelta II 7920-10 United StatesVandenberg SLC-2W United StatesBoeing IDS
CanadaRADARSAT-1 CSA Sun-synchronous Earth imaging In orbit Operational
United StatesSURFSAT NASA Sun-synchronous Test DSN In orbit Successful
Maiden flight of Delta II 7920 and first Delta II launch from Vandenberg Air Force Base
6 November
05:51
United StatesTitan IVA (401)/Centaur United StatesCape Canaveral LC-40 United StatesLockheed Martin
United StatesUSA-115 (Milstar-2) US Air Force Geosynchronous Communications In orbit Operational
12 November
12:30
United StatesSpace Shuttle Atlantis United StatesKennedy LC-39A United StatesUnited Space Alliance
United StatesSTS-74 NASA Low Earth (Mir) Shuttle-Mir flight 20 November
17:02
Successful
RussiaUnited StatesMir Docking Module Roskosmos/NASA Low Earth (Mir) Mir module 23 March 2001
05:50
Successful
Crewed orbital flight with five astronauts
17 November
01:20
European UnionAriane 4 (44P) FranceKourou ELA-2 FranceArianespace
European UnionInfrared Space Observatory ESA High Earth (elliptical) Infrared astronomy In orbit Successful
Retired on 16 May 1998
17 November
14:25
RussiaProton-K/DM-2 KazakhstanBaikonur Site 200/39 RussiaVKS
RussiaGals-2 MOM Geosynchronous Communications In orbit Operational
28 November
11:30
ChinaLong March 2E ChinaTaiyuan LC-2 ChinaCASC
ChinaAsiaSat 2 AsiaSat Geosynchronous Communications In orbit Operational

December

[edit]
2 December
08:08
United StatesAtlas IIAS United StatesCape Canaveral LC-36B United StatesRussiaInternational Launch Services
European UnionUnited StatesSOHO ESA/NASA Earth-Sun L1 point Solar research In orbit Operational
5 December
21:18
United StatesTitan IVA (404) United StatesVandenberg SLC-4E United StatesLockheed Martin
United StatesUSA-116 (KH-12) NRO Sun-synchronous Reconnaissance In orbit Operational
6 December
23:23
European UnionAriane 4 (44L) FranceKourou ELA-2 FranceArianespace
FranceTelecom 2C France Télécom Geosynchronous Communications In orbit Successful
IndiaINSAT-2C ISRO Geosynchronous Communications In orbit Successful
14 December
06:10
RussiaProton-K/DM-2 KazakhstanBaikonur Site 200/39 RussiaVKS
RussiaKosmos 2323 (GLONASS) MOM Medium Earth Navigation In orbit Operational
RussiaKosmos 2324 (GLONASS) MOM Medium Earth Navigation In orbit Operational
RussiaKosmos 2325 (GLONASS) MOM Medium Earth Navigation In orbit Operational
15 December
00:23
United StatesAtlas IIA United StatesCape Canaveral LC-36A United StatesRussiaInternational Launch Services
United StatesGalaxy 3R PanAmSat Geosynchronous Communications In orbit Spacecraft failure
Failed March 2006
18 December
14:31
RussiaSoyuz-U KazakhstanBaikonur Site 1/5 RussiaVKS
RussiaProgress M-30 Roskosmos Low Earth (Mir) Logistics 22 February 1996
11:02
Successful
20 December
00:52
UkraineTsyklon-2 KazakhstanBaikonur Site 90/20 RussiaVKS
RussiaKosmos 2326 (EORSAT) MO RF Low Earth SIGINT 8 November 1997 Successful
28 December
06:45
RussiaMolniya-M KazakhstanBaikonur Site 31/6 RussiaVKS
IndiaIRS-1C ISRO Low Earth Remote sensing In orbit Successful
United StatesSkipper Utah State Low Earth Aerobraking experiment In orbit Spacecraft failure
Skipper suffered a solar array malfunction
28 December
11:50
ChinaLong March 2E ChinaXichang LC-2 ChinaCASC
United StatesEchoStar 1 EchoStar Geosynchronous Communications In orbit Operational
Final flight of Long March 2E
30 December
13:48
United StatesDelta II 7920-10 United StatesCape Canaveral LC-17A United StatesBoeing IDS
United StatesRXTE NASA Low Earth X-ray astronomy 30 April 2018 Successful

Suborbital launches

[edit]
Date and time (UTC) Rocket Flight number Launch site LSP
Payload
(⚀ = CubeSat)
Operator Orbit Function Decay (UTC) Outcome
Remarks

January-March

[edit]
19 January United StatesUGM-133 Trident II United StatesSubmarine, Eastern Range United StatesUS Navy
US Navy Suborbital Missile test 19 January Successful
19 January United StatesUGM-133 Trident II United StatesSubmarine, Eastern Range United StatesUS Navy
US Navy Suborbital Missile test 19 January Successful
19 January
20:01
United StatesLGM-118 Peacekeeper United StatesVandenberg LF-02 United StatesUS Air Force
US Air Force Suborbital Missile test 19 January Successful
23 January
12:30
JapanS-520 JapanUchinoura LA-K JapanISAS
ISAS Suborbital Infrared astronomy 23 January Successful
25 January
03:54
CanadaBlack Brant XII NorwayAndøya United StatesNASA
United StatesSCIFER NASA Suborbital Ionospheric research 25 January Successful
Apogee: 1,453 kilometres (903 mi). Launch led to Norwegian rocket incident; Russia briefly mistook the launch as a potential nuclear attack despite receiving prior notice of the launch.
28 January
16:00
JapanS-520 JapanUchinoura LA-K JapanISAS
ISAS Suborbital Ultraviolet astronomy 28 January Successful
1 February United StatesLGM-30G Minuteman III United StatesVandenberg LF-09 United StatesUS Air Force
United StatesGT-156GM US Air Force Suborbital Missile test 1 February Successful
2 February
15:27
CanadaBlack Brant VIIIC United StatesPoker Flat United StatesNASA
NASA Suborbital Ionospheric research 2 February Successful
2 February
15:51
United StatesNike Tomahawk United StatesPoker Flat United StatesNASA
NASA Suborbital Ionospheric research 2 February Successful
7 February United StatesStorm United StatesWhite Sands United StatesUS Air Force
United StatesBTTV-6 US Air Force Suborbital Target 7 February Successful
12 February United StatesAries United StatesWallops Island United StatesBMDO
United StatesLEAP BMDO Suborbital Target 7 February Successful
14 February FranceM4 FranceCentre d'Essais des Landes France
Suborbital Missile test 14 February Successful
24 February
10:21
CanadaBlack Brant XII United StatesPoker Flat United StatesNASA
United StatesAMICIST NASA Suborbital Auroral research 24 February Successful
4 March United StatesAries United StatesWallops Island United StatesBMDO
United StatesLEAP BMDO Suborbital Target 4 March Successful
6 March United StatesUGM-96 Trident I United StatesSubmarine, Eastern Range United StatesUS Navy
US Navy Suborbital Missile test 6 March Successful
6 March United StatesUGM-96 Trident I United StatesSubmarine, Eastern Range United StatesUS Navy
US Navy Suborbital Missile test 6 March Successful
6 March United StatesUGM-96 Trident I United StatesSubmarine, Eastern Range United StatesUS Navy
US Navy Suborbital Missile test 6 March Successful
14 March United StatesUGM-96 Trident I United StatesSubmarine, Eastern Range United StatesUS Navy
US Navy Suborbital Missile test 14 March Successful
14 March United StatesUGM-96 Trident I United StatesSubmarine, Eastern Range United StatesUS Navy
US Navy Suborbital Missile test 14 March Successful
15 March
20:21
United StatesNike Orion United StatesWallops Island United StatesNASA
NASA Suborbital Test rocket 15 March Successful
17 March United StatesLGM-30G Minuteman III United StatesVandenberg LF-09 United StatesUS Air Force
United StatesGT-159GM US Air Force Suborbital Missile test 17 March Successful
19 March
15:00
United StatesNike Orion United StatesWhite Sands United StatesNASA
United StatesCWAS-37 NASA Suborbital Aeronomy 19 March Successful
21 March
19:11
CanadaBlack Brant IX United StatesWhite Sands LC-36 United StatesNASA
United StatesPIMS NASA Suborbital Ionospheric research 21 March Successful
25 March
08:55
CanadaBlack Brant XCM1 United StatesPoker Flat United StatesNASA
NASA Suborbital Ionospheric research 25 March Successful
27 March
15:40
United StatesNike Orion United StatesWhite Sands United StatesNASA
United StatesCWAS-38 NASA Suborbital Astronomy 27 March Successful
28 March United StatesAries United StatesWallops Island United StatesBMDO
United StatesLEAP BMDO Suborbital Target 28 March Successful

April-June

[edit]
1 April
09:33
CanadaBlack Brant IX United StatesPoker Flat United StatesNASA
NASA Suborbital Aeronomy 1 April Successful
9 April United StatesUGM-133 Trident II United StatesSubmarine, Eastern Range United StatesUS Navy
US Navy Suborbital Missile test 9 April Successful
9 April United StatesUGM-133 Trident II United StatesSubmarine, Eastern Range United StatesUS Navy
US Navy Suborbital Missile test 9 April Successful
14 April
11:30
RussiaRT-2PM Topol RussiaPlesetsk Site 158 RussiaRVSN
RVSN Suborbital Missile test 14 April Successful
15 April
10:07
CanadaBlack Brant IX United StatesWhite Sands LC-36 United StatesNASA
NASA Suborbital Aeronomy 15 April Successful
18 April
18:00
CanadaBlack Brant IX United StatesWhite Sands LC-36 United StatesNASA
NASA Suborbital Solar research 18 April Successful
21 April
15:04
United StatesTHAAD United StatesWhite Sands United StatesUS Air Force
US Air Force Suborbital Test flight 21 April Successful
Maiden flight of THAAD
24 April United StatesHera United StatesWhite Sands LC-32 United StatesUS Air Force
US Air Force Suborbital Test flight 24 April Successful
Maiden flight of Hera
29 April
05:55
United StatesNike Orion SwedenEsrange GermanyDLR
GermanyMini-Texus 4 DLR Suborbital Microgravity research 29 April Successful
2 May
05:55
United StatesNike Orion SwedenEsrange GermanyDLR
GermanyMini-Texus 3 DLR Suborbital Microgravity research 2 May Successful
15 May
18:00
CanadaBlack Brant IX United StatesWhite Sands LC-36 United StatesNASA
United StatesSERTS-35 NASA Suborbital Solar research 15 May Successful
22 May
07:05
CanadaBlack Brant IX United StatesWhite Sands LC-36 United StatesNASA
NASA Suborbital Astronomy 22 May Successful
29 May ChinaLong March 1D ChinaTaiyuan LC-1 ChinaCASC
CASC Suborbital Test flight 29 May Successful
Maiden flight of Long March 1D
6 June
22:00
United StatesTaurus Orion United StatesPoker Flat United StatesNASA
NASA Suborbital Ionospheric research 6 June Successful
6 June
22:10
RussiaVolna RussiaSubmarine, Barents Sea RussiaRussian Navy
GermanyTCM ZARM Suborbital Test flight 6 June Successful
Maiden flight of Volna
8 June
12:45
RussiaUR-100N KazakhstanBaikonur RussiaRVSN
RVSN Suborbital Missile test 8 June Successful
14 June United StatesLGM-118 Peacekeeper United StatesVandenberg LF-05 United StatesUS Air Force
US Air Force Suborbital Missile test 14 June Successful
26 June United StatesStrypi IX United StatesBarking Sands United StatesUS Air Force
United StatesETCE-11 US Air Force Suborbital Target 26 June Failure
29 June United StatesStrypi IX United StatesBarking Sands United StatesUS Air Force
United StatesETCE-12 US Air Force Suborbital Target 29 June Successful
30 June
18:00
United StatesTerrier-Orion United StatesWallops Island United StatesNASA
NASA Suborbital Test rocket 30 June Successful

July-September

[edit]
24 July
22:30
United StatesUGM-133 Trident II United KingdomHMS Victorious, Eastern Range United KingdomRoyal Navy
Royal Navy Suborbital Missile test 24 July Successful
First missile launch from HMS Victorious
26 July
09:33
United StatesNike Orion United StatesPoker Flat United StatesNASA
NASA Suborbital Ionospheric research 26 July Successful
31 July United StatesTHAAD United StatesWhite Sands United StatesUS Air Force
US Air Force Suborbital Test flight 31 July Successful
July ChinaDF-21 ChinaTaiyuan China
Suborbital Missile test +15 minutes Successful
8 August
08:20
United StatesNike Orion United StatesPoker Flat United StatesNASA
NASA Suborbital Ionospheric research 8 August Successful
16 August United StatesStorm United StatesWhite Sands LC-36 United StatesUS Air Force
United StatesMTD-1 US Air Force Suborbital GPS targeting 16 August Successful
16 August IndiaRH-560 IndiaSriharikota IndiaISRO
ISRO Suborbital Test rocket 16 August Successful
22 August United StatesUGM-133 Trident II United KingdomHMS Victorious, Eastern Range United KingdomRoyal Navy
Royal Navy Suborbital Missile test 22 August Successful
24 August
20:00
JapanTR-1 JapanTanegashima LA-T JapanNASDA
NASDA Suborbital Microgravity research 24 August Successful
25 August RussiaR-39 Rif RussiaSubmarine, North Pole RussiaRussian Navy
Russian Navy Suborbital Missile test 25 August Successful
28 August
17:30
CanadaBlack Brant IX United StatesWhite Sands LC-36 United StatesNASA
NASA Suborbital Test rocket 28 August Successful
30 August United StatesLGM-118 Peacekeeper United StatesVandenberg LF-02 United StatesUS Air Force
US Air Force Suborbital Missile test 30 August Successful
2 September
01:13
CanadaBlack Brant IX United StatesWhite Sands LC-36 United StatesNASA
United StatesThunderstorm III NASA Suborbital Ionospheric research 2 September Successful
5 September
07:50
RussiaRT-2PM Topol RussiaPlesetsk Site 158 RussiaRVSN
RVSN Suborbital Missile test 5 September Successful
12 September
18:05
CanadaBlack Brant 9CM1 United StatesWhite Sands LC-36 United StatesNASA
NASA Suborbital Solar research 12 September Successful
17 September
07:30
JapanS-520 JapanUchinoura LA-K JapanISAS
ISAS Suborbital Technology demonstration 17 September Failure

October-December

[edit]
2 October United StatesHera United StatesWhite Sands LC-94 United StatesUS Air Force
US Air Force Suborbital Target 2 October Successful
10 October RussiaRT-2PM Topol RussiaPlesetsk Site 158 RussiaRVSN
RVSN Suborbital Missile test 10 October Successful
13 October United StatesStorm United StatesWhite Sands SULF United StatesUS Air Force
United StatesBTTV-9 US Air Force Suborbital ABM target 13 October Successful
13 October United StatesTHAAD United StatesWhite Sands United StatesUS Air Force
US Air Force Suborbital ABM test 13 October Successful
25 October
13:13
CanadaBlack Brant IX AustraliaWoomera LA-2-N United StatesNASA
NASA Suborbital X-ray astronomy 25 October Successful
28 October
18:00
CanadaBlack Brant IX AustraliaWoomera LA-2-N United StatesNASA
NASA Suborbital Astronomy 28 October Successful
29 October United StatesUGM-96 Trident I United StatesSubmarine, Eastern Range United StatesUS Navy
US Navy Suborbital Missile test 29 October Successful
2 November RussiaKosmos-3MR RussiaKapustin Yar Site 107 RussiaRVSN
RussiaRe-entry vehicle RVSN Suborbital Test re-entry vehicle 2 November Successful
5 November
16:14
CanadaBlack Brant IX AustraliaWoomera LA-2-N United StatesNASA
NASA Suborbital Astronomy 5 November Successful
7 November
06:38
CanadaBlack Brant XII United StatesPoker Flat United StatesNASA
CanadaOEDIPUS-C CSA Suborbital Ionospheric research 7 November Successful
10 November ChinaDF-21 ChinaTaiyuan China
Suborbital Missile test 10 November Successful
14 November
17:04
CanadaBlack Brant IX AustraliaWoomera LA-2-N United StatesNASA
NASA Suborbital Astronomy 14 November Successful
19 November
15:30
CanadaBlack Brant IX AustraliaWoomera LA-2-N United StatesNASA
NASA Suborbital Astronomy 19 November Successful
20 November
17:00
CanadaBlack Brant IX AustraliaWoomera LA-2-N United StatesNASA
NASA Suborbital Astronomy 20 November Successful
24 November
14:00
United StatesNike Tomahawk United StatesPoker Flat United StatesNASA
NASA Ionospheric research 24 November Successful
27 November
08:03
United StatesNike Tomahawk United StatesPoker Flat United StatesNASA
NASA Suborbital Ionospheric research 27 November Successful
27 November
08:07
CanadaBlack Brant VIIIC United StatesPoker Flat United StatesNASA
NASA Suborbital Ionospheric research 27 November Successful
28 November
09:42
SwedenMaxus SwedenEsrange SwedenSSC
DLR Suborbital Microgravity research 28 November Successful
4 December
11:20
CanadaBlack Brant VIIIC United StatesWhite Sands LC-36 United StatesNASA
NASA Suborbital X-ray astronomy 4 December Successful
7 December United StatesUGM-133 Trident II United StatesSubmarine, Eastern Range United StatesUS Navy
US Navy Suborbital Missile test 7 December Successful
13 December United StatesStorm United StatesWhite Sands SULF United StatesUS Air Force
United StatesBTTV-10 US Air Force Suborbital ABM target 13 December Successful
13 December United StatesTHAAD United StatesWhite Sands United StatesUS Air Force
US Air Force Suborbital ABM test 13 December Successful

Deep Space Rendezvous

[edit]
Date (GMT) Spacecraft Event Remarks
7 December Galileo First impact of spacecraft to Jupiter - subprobe descent through the Jovian atmosphere
8 December Galileo First orbiter of Jupiter - jovian orbit insertion
no date Ulysses Pass over solar north pole

EVAs

[edit]
Start Date/Time Duration End Time Spacecraft Crew Remarks
9 February
11:56
4 hours
39 minutes
16:35 STS-63
Discovery
United Kingdom/United StatesMichael Foale
United StatesBernard A. Harris, Jr.
Conducted a test of moving large mass objects and tested the effectiveness of the new spacesuit temperature control underwear by being lofted outside the payload bay by the RMS.[5]
12 May
04:20
6 hours
15 minutes
10:35 Mir EO-18
Kvant-2
RussiaVladimir Dezhurov
RussiaGennadi Strekalov
Made preparations for the arrival of the Spektr module. Installed some electrical cable attachments, adjusted solar array actuators, and practiced folding the Kristall solar arrays for the future move to Kvant-1.[6]
17 May
02:38
6 hours
42 minutes
09:20 Mir EO-18
Kvant-2
RussiaVladimir Dezhurov
RussiaGennadi Strekalov
Moved the solar arrays from Kristall to Kvant-1. Their suits ran low on oxygen before they were able to re-install the arrays on Kvant-1.[6]
22 May
00:10
5 hours
15 minutes
05:25 Mir EO-18
Kvant-2
RussiaVladimir Dezhurov
RussiaGennadi Strekalov
Completed installation of the relocated solar array on Kvant-1. Also retracted some solar panels to prepare for moving Kristall.[6]
28 May
22:22
21 minutes 22:43 Mir EO-18
base block
RussiaVladimir Dezhurov
RussiaGennadi Strekalov
Conducting a spacewalk inside the transfer compartment of the Mir base block Dezhurov and Strekalov relocated a docking cone from the -X port to the -Z port.
1 June
22:05
23 minutes 22:28 Mir EO-18
base block
RussiaVladimir Dezhurov
RussiaGennadi Strekalov
Again working from the depressurized base block transfer compartment, Dezhurov and Strekalov prepared to move the recently arrived Spektr module by relocating a docking cone from the -Z port to the -Y port.
14 July
03:56
5 hours
34 minutes
09:30 Mir EO-19
Kvant-2
RussiaAnatoly Solovyev
RussiaNikolai Budarin
Used the Strela boom to move to the Spektr module and freed the stuck solar array. Also inspected the -Z docking port and found it to be undamaged.
19 July
00:39
3 hours
8 minutes
03:47 Mir EO-19
Kvant-2
RussiaAnatoly Solovyev
RussiaNikolai Budarin
Solovyev had problems with his Orlan-DMA spacesuit cooling system, and had to stay tethered to an umbilical at Kvant-2. Budarin was able work his way to the far end of Spektr and do some preparations for the installation of the Mir infrared spectrometer (MIRAS). He also collected the American TREK cosmic ray panel that had been installed on Kvant-2 since 1991.
21 July
00:28
5 hours
50 minutes
06:18 Mir EO-19
Kvant-2
RussiaAnatoly Solovyev
RussiaNikolai Budarin
Used the Strela boom to reach the Spektr module, where they completed the installation of MIRAS.
16 September
08:20
6 hours
46 minutes
15:06 STS-69
Endeavour
United StatesJames S. Voss
United StatesMichael L. Gernhardt
Installed thermal instruments on the apparatus in the payload bay. Also tested redesigned spacesuit helmet lights and spacesuit heaters.[7]
20 October
11:50
5 hours
16 minutes
17:06 Mir EO-20
Kvant-2
RussiaSergei Avdeyev
GermanyThomas Reiter
Used the Strela boom to move to the Spektr module and installed several experiments on the European Space Exposure Facility. Reiter became the first ESA cosmonaut and German to complete an EVA.
8 December
19:23
29 minutes 19:52 Mir EO-20
base block
RussiaSergei Avdeyev
RussiaYuri Gidzenko
From inside the depressurized base block transfer compartment, Avdeyev and Gidzenko moved the Konus docking cone from the -Z port to the +Z port.

References

[edit]
  • Bergin, Chris. "NASASpaceFlight.com".
  • Clark, Stephen. "Spaceflight Now".
  • Kelso, T.S. "Satellite Catalog (SATCAT)". CelesTrak.[dead link]
  • Krebs, Gunter. "Chronology of Space Launches".
  • Kyle, Ed. "Space Launch Report". Archived from the original on 5 October 2009. Retrieved 13 August 2022.
  • McDowell, Jonathan. "GCAT Orbital Launch Log".
  • Pietrobon, Steven. "Steven Pietrobon's Space Archive".
  • Wade, Mark. "Encyclopedia Astronautica".
  • Webb, Brian. "Southwest Space Archive".
  • Zak, Anatoly. "Russian Space Web".
  • "ISS Calendar". Spaceflight 101.
  • "NSSDCA Master Catalog". NASA Space Science Data Coordinated Archive. NASA Goddard Space Flight Center.
  • "Space Calendar". NASA Jet Propulsion Laboratory.[dead link]
  • "Space Information Center". JAXA.[dead link]
  • "Хроника освоения космоса" [Chronicle of space exploration]. CosmoWorld (in Russian).
Generic references:
Spaceflight portal

Footnotes

[edit]
  1. ^ "H-II". astronautix.com. Retrieved 8 April 2023.
  2. ^ "20-Year-Old Military Weather Satellite Apparently Exploded in Orbit". Space.com. 2 March 2015. Archived from the original on 18 January 2018. Retrieved 3 March 2015.
  3. ^ Jonathan McDowell [@planet4589] (21 February 2024). "ESA ERS-2 satellite reentry on a track from Alaska to the Pacific confirmed: Space-Track gives 151.9W 37.4N over the Pacific at 1717 UTC. NOAA radar data taken 1842 UTC shows an upper-atmosphere debris trail extending S from the Alaska coast near 144W 59.5N" (Tweet) – via Twitter.
  4. ^ Gibson, Hillary (14 December 2022). "SpOC officially retires DSCS satellite". Space Operations Command. United States Space Force. Archived from the original on 2 January 2023. Retrieved 2 January 2023.
  5. ^ Dumouline, Jim (2001). "sts-63-patch STS-63 (67)". NASA Space Shuttle Launch Archive. NASA. Archived from the original on 20 March 2009. Retrieved 5 March 2009.
  6. ^ a b c McDonald, Sue (December 1998). "Mir Mission Chronicle" (PDF). NASA. p. 12. Archived from the original (PDF) on 18 March 2009. Retrieved 6 March 2009.
  7. ^ Dudoulin, Jim (2001). "STS-69 Day 9 Highlights". NASA Space Shuttle Launch Archive. NASA. Archived from the original on 21 March 2009. Retrieved 6 March 2009.